Fire fighting equipment and safety measures (subway fire) verification of means of escape

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2003 February 18th, the large daegu city subway 1 of Korea the line central road (chiyunanno) with the station premise, large-scale subway fire occurred, 192 deceased, became the catastrophe which produces injured person 146.Directly, the person where emergency inspection and present condition grasp are done even in Japan, as a result are surprised is not multi, probably will be?

This year n/a in February, if the explosive incident due to terrorism with the line zamosukuboretsukaya line the subway 2 which runs the Moscow center occurs and similar “terrorism” “fire” occurs in Japan, it is not avoided that it develops into the catastrophe.

Presently, with the station of part repair has ended already, but most underground stations are untouched circumstance.The person that everyday it utilizes the subway, is to be very many even in this kind of circumstance.

This time, when encountering to fire with the underground station, it tries verifying evacuation method.

The stairway as for rising more quickly than the smoke the excessiveness?

With the stairway you pay attention to the smoke

It occurred with the “New York city world trade center super high rise building fire”, the time when the stairway which is evacuation route is required although it keeps descending, there is a data that in 1993 and 2001 they were 5 centimeters in per second velocity.

it is called smoke, per second toward the horizontal0.5~1mtoward the top of the speed per second is3~5meven though it is moving, if you are a refuge on the stairs, how to climb down than it is very. that is, possibility that supposed to be evacuated at a rate of less than the above data is high.

if a fire occurs in buildings, etc. although the evacuation down towards the ground would normally, in case of fire to get out on the ground underground will lead to evacuation upward. in the event of a fire in the basement, the evacuation is going to be that much smoke with very dangerous for human body.

in the korean subway fire, i did not have a smoke control system to the third floor is a floor underground fire, the passengers were forced to evacuate along with the smoke on the stairs.

in case of fire underground, another means of escape is considered.

it, tunnel.
in this fire, fire brigade has arrived at the scene using a tunnel from the fire station next door not only from the ground. but, you may not must also pay attention to how this shelter. first, down to the line that is prohibited.

basically, even if a blackout occurred by fire emergency power supply equipment or private power generation facilities electricity will be ensured by. by that person got off the tracks, there is also potential train tried to escape from the station will not be able to departure, let’s follow the instructions of station staff.
(no instructions or even something like the korean subway fire, for example, if fire or smoke is imminent will not be judged on its own must. )

smoke vent in the tunnel.

in the location of the smoke control system, how to change evacuation

in the korean subway fire, smoke control system had been installed on the upper floors rather than the fire floor. force of flames is weakened by the sprinkler has been activated3, 4except for the home no., view the situation as long as the equipment flue gas flue gas from the mouth ventilation, that you can see it has been working.

but, if you do smoke high on the upper floors, unlike flue gas at the point of doing a fire or fire floor, there is a drawback in that they pulled the smoke.

in the subway in japan, often has been developed smoke control system in the tunnel, will be breathing the smoke in the tunnel when you start the machine operations such as flue gas station attendant by.

in this case, evacuation from the tunnel becomes impossible, stairs are nearly escaped from the threat of smoke.

by station, it will change how evacuation is in trouble. i also, and you happen to encounter a fire at the station never went, without the induction station attendant’s shelter is tunnel or? stairs or? why can not i need only to determine how the evacuation of either. even if you have used, ceiling of the home fire occurs, ceiling of the stairs, etc. rattle if there is smoke vent of type, it is quite difficult to find.

addition by retraction smoke underground experiment model

also, there is no fire alarm and interlocking, be started manually how to flue gas if the, the fate of passengers is left to the station staff. and flue gas would start the machine but has not been reached yet smoke, you would have to pull the smoke. in reverse, if it is bad timing to put a boot full of smoke that, will cause damage to expand.

retraction force can not wait to smoke practical method

also, underground space or it would not be the best method is smoke retraction pressure? smoke and retraction mo, by air supply clean air to the room when the fire stairs and supplementary, it is also fire brigade approach to the refuge also, this system can avoid interference from smoke. technology development and further, installation of underground space is desirable to.

second barrier: fire shutter

even if there is no smoke vent to the fire floor, between home and the stairs fire shutter or smoke hanging wall if the moth has been established, go to a certain amount of time to prevent it flowing into smoke on the stairs. usually, these fire protection equipment is a kind of fire alarm detectors for work will work for you automatically by the.

fire shutter of the stairs

if the fire shutter, doorway is no longer the confusion with turning off down to the bottom, since passengers would cause panic, stopped in the middle smoke hanging wall it serves as a.

make sure the evacuation of passengers, the station attendant is supposed to be close to the bottom shutter.

if the shutter was closed if the, please look for the door there is a display of fire-escape door in the side immediately. you can escape from there. this door, basically, it is now open if you press the direction towards the evacuation, may not turn the doorknob open unless. at that time let’s identify the shape of the doorknob firmly in you can not hurry.

on the light-induced evacuation of fire door

basic fire occurred at the time of, is that you do not breathe smoke. when the evacuation so as not to inhale harmful smoke, to the evacuation position for as low as possible is important. also, is also put one hand to secure the air before the amount of smoke increases. you can also create a plastic bag smoke shut there is a sense of security it is a good idea to provide goods, such as evacuation.

people can no longer hamstrung is wound up in smoke, lying on the floor to avoid smoke, earned by sucking the air in time to open the door of the refrigerator was near, there is also a case that has been safely rescued by fire brigade.

the evacuation routes are labeled with arrows induction or inductive light green on a white background.

it has been established evacuation induction lights in the picture showing the evacuation of pictograph is painted white to green space and proceed along the arrow, aiming to evacuate there. this fire door, you may overlook is the state has fallen into a panic and. fire shutter evacuation please set a target light induction was written and.

the glowing light induction, without obligation to be kicked in tokyo ream ordinance.

in the korean subway fire, on the side next to the shutter and fire protection as japan, there was no fire door. i think i’ve been kind of wicket gate installation, many people have died in front of the shutter.

more strongly disaster prevention awareness! !

one person, one of the passengers, only using it with a sense of disaster prevention, the safety of the subway will greatly improve. is easy, i tried to summarize the important thing in a time of disaster.

does not cause a panic

find evacuation

elderly and handicapped people, assistance to those who are children and a baby

to avoid the smoke to lower the posture

follow the instructions to evacuate people, such as station staff are trained

does not leak to the case in underground space, important initial fire fighting more than anything else. if arson, stop the act. extinguished by the fire extinguisher you get the. in the fire extinguisher and you happen to develop into a plethora of hand fire, try a fire hydrant in (who have been training only) .

another, there is a very important.
it, do not panic. the station, since the station staff is properly trained, let’s follow the instructions to evacuate its. if, if you did not anyone has the instructions, the higher the panic can arise, please do not panic tuned to the absolute. particularly, near the stairs is dangerous, let’s look around from a breathing place.

also convenient subway, will be very dangerous space in the event of a disaster. to disaster if the, to take appropriate action, the location of the fire extinguisher from the everyday, let’s check of evacuation routes, etc..

– ya grief of disaster prevention….

– sprinklers are required on the subway?

firefighting equipment in case of emergency: flue gas opening
– fukitobase the toxic smoke!

on the current status of fire protection equipment in underground station …

criteria for fire protection of the underground railroad (showa50years1month30day of the total iron49no.2) PDFform

fire protection standards for the handling of the underground railroad (showa50years2month14of iron sat sun9issue) PDFform